Wednesday 30 November 2016

Symbolism in the Gita

Symbolism in the Gita
    Bhagavad-Gita is the ‘yogopanishat’, par excellence, ‘upa(vish)’ meaning, seated near, and ‘adesha’ giving directions to the dearest seated-one regarding yoga. Here Bhagavan Shree Krishna, as Yogacharya, teaches karma, sankhya, bhakti, jnyan/ buddhi, dhyana yoga and the secret knowledge of Brahmn to Arjuna. It is symbolic that the characters that appear here are not the names and forms of the human-likes! These are the qualities of nature (svabhava) reflected by the characters. Swami Yogananda gives a long list of these symbolic names in his commentary on the Bhagavad-Gita. (see Yogananda:The Bhagavad-Gita- A Yogoda Satsang Society of India publication).
Shree Krishna is depicted as King-Soul (Paramatma) ruling the Jivatman. Vyasadeva is Consciously aware of this relative existence of all jivarashi; Dhrutarashtra is the Blind King with a strong sense of attachment, a sensuous Mind, vikshipta manah, unmindful of consequences, Duryodhana and a hundred Kurus are desirous of pomp and vain glory prompted by bloated ‘ego’ and jealousy; Yudhisthira and his brothers, Pandava, are the five elemental fields (mahat tattvas), and the list goes on endlessly like this bringing out the esoteric aspects of Gitopadesha. In fact the entire Bhagavad-Gita is an esoteric science where Bhagavan Shree Krishna, the Lord, Himself says, “I am revealing the secret of the secrets (guhyatama guhya) knowledge of renunciation and emancipation of the embodied soul.”


THE ESSENCE OF THE MUKTIYOGA RAHASYA

THE ESSENCE OF THE MUKTIYOGA RAHASYA

Yatra Yogeeshvara Krishno yatra paartho dhanurdharah
 Tatrashree vijayorbhootirdhruvaaneetirmatirmama|| 18-68
Karmanyevadhikaaraste maa phaleshu kadaacanaa|| 2-47
sangatsanjaayate kaamah  kaamaatkrodhobhijaayate
Krodadbhavatisammohah sammohaah Smrutivibhramah
Smrutibrahmshaahtbuddhinaashah buddhinaashaatpranashyati|| 2.62-63
sthitaprajnyasya kaabhaashaa… … hithadheermuniruchyate||
manmanaabhavamadbhakto madhyaajeemaamnamaskuru||  18-65
yateenaam Brahmaabhavati saarathi” (Rk Veda)  1-158.6
tapasvibhyodhikoyogih…tasmaat yogirbhavaarjunaa|| 6-46
traigunyavishayaavedaa nistraigunyobhavaarjunaa” 2-45
tasmaadyogaayayujyasva yogah karmasu koushalam|| 2-50
labhante brahmanirvaanam rushayaksheenakalmashaah
chhinnadvaidhaayataatmaanasarvabhooterataahitaah||5-25
kaamakrodhavimuktaanaam yateenaam yatacetasaam
abhito brahmanioraanam vartate viditaatmanaam|| 5-26
uddharedaatmanaatmaanam naatmaanamavasaadayet
aatmaievahyaatmanobandhuraatmaiva ripuraatmanah|| 6-5
ye tu sarvaani karmaani mayisanyasta matparaah
ananyeaiva yogena maamdhyaayamta upaasate
teshaamaham samuddhartaa mrutyusamsaarasaagaraat
bhavaami na ciraat paartha mayyaaveshitacetasaam|| 12- 6.7
sarvakarmaanyapi sadaa kurvaano madyupaashrayah
matprasaadaadavaapnotishaashvatampadamaavyayam||18-56
 sarvadharmaan parityajya maamekam sharanam vraja
ahamtvaamsarvapaapebhyomokshayishyaamimaashucah||18-66.

  Thus, it is very clear that the Bhagavad-Gita gives clear guidance as to what to do when one has reached a state of depression, boredom, or has got some spare time; but never should one engage in trivial worldly sensuous life. It is dangerous to neglect the goal of life and engage oneself in trash collection. This is the path of salvation. However, this advise does not apply to youngsters to whom the Lord advises nishkama karma. To all other aged ones, it is bhakti marga, jnyan marga and dhyana marga advised by the Lord. One must be very clear about since youngsters should not neglect their duties and take to whole time rituals and spiritual life, unless one is willing to tread this path willingly as directed by the Lord, may be , due to purvarjit punya and acquired spiritual knowledge and habit. Love of God is an exemplary svabhava of some blessed jivas. It is innate for all persons totally merged in the Lord, blessed souls. They do not aspire for worldly attainments. There are many such blessed souls amongst us.
  How to recognize such an attained person? It is very easy. An attained person remains uninvolved in the happenings around him. He will not be disturbed and he is established in his Self at all times. He is free from attachments, likes and dislikes; neither he is in sorrow and anguish in loss, nor is he elated with joy in success.rAgadvESha vimukta, duHKEshu anudvighna manAh suKEShu vigataspRuhaH . . . |

 Nothing will touch him. He is a sthitaprajnya. These are derived from the sayings of Shree Krishna here (Ch.2). Hence, all names and forms are just vibrations of electromagnetic waves (cit-shakti). The moment a state of equilibrium is attained, the person becomes equanimous- of stable mind, a sthitaprajnya. Different stages of attainments are presented in the Chart below. 

The gitopadesha

This supreme knowledge was first revealed to Vivasvan, who in turn revealed it to Manu and, in turn, to Ikshvaku. Over time, this was lost and had to be retold again and again. The Mundaka Upanishat says, this brahma vidya was instructed to Atharvana, the first-born, the brain-child of the Creator Brahma,
Om || BrahmAdEvAnAm prathamah sambhabhuva |
      vishvasyakartA bhuvanasya goptA sa brahmavidyAm |
      sarvavidyApratishtAm AtharvAya jyEshtaputrAya prAha ||
   (Gopatha Brahmana of Atharva Veda, Mundakopanishad1.1)
     Accordingly, this supreme knowledge- ‘para-vidya’, the Veda, was revealed to Atharvan, the first born of the thought-force, may be, the brain-child, chittavrutti, of the Creator Brahma. If this Veda is revealed knowledge straight from the Creator, the spoken words of Bhagavan Sri Krishna must precede the Veda. In fact, the Veda is preceded by Srividya and the Gitopadesha. In Srividya, the knowledge is supreme and only knowledge exists and nothing but knowledge. This is also called chit, Consciousness. Here Consciousness is nothing but the unborn, eternal, immortal Bhagavan Sri Krishna and none else! The spoken words of the Lord that starts as ‘Bhagavan Uvacha’ is the reverberating sound, the waves of vital-breath that begins with a at the navel,joined by u at the heart level and m at the throat (sound box) to emerge as the aum (Om) out of the mouth. This in a way is the essence of the Veda, the power of creation, sustenance and dissolution. Thus, the Veda has its beginning here in the a u and m that form the first syllable of the Rk, Yajus and Saman. The deity of knowledge is Saraswati, the power of creation of the Creator Brahma. She, the deity Saraswati is the Mother, matrika.

  Ultimately, “Everything is jnyan, chit, Consciousness, brahman.” Sarvam khaluvidam brahmn |GITOPADESHA 
   Bhagavan Sri Krishna, seated in the hearts of jivarashi, as also, every atom and cells, andanda and pindanda of this creation is none other than the omniscient, omnipotent, omnipresent, self effulgent ‘tyat’, ‘That’, Parabrahman. In scientific parlance, He is the ‘God-particle’, the Einstein-Bose condensate, the nucleotide, the neutrinos, the fermion (the Energy particle, spirit) that issues forth mass to bosons and thereby creates ‘matter’ of the universe. “At the time of the creation the Lord spreads out individual nets in various ways and then at the time of the cosmic dissolution withdraws them into the great prakriti.” Again, the all-pervading Deity creates the aggregates of body and senses, mind, buddhi and ahankar as both individual and collective entities and acts as their controllers also, and thus exercises His overlordship. He is the supreme commander due to fear of whom the stars, planets, and satellites keep their tracks and move about Him.
   As the sun shines, illumining all the quarters-above, below and across, so also God, the Self-resplendent, adorable and non-dual, controls all objects, which themselves possess the nature of a cause. He, who is the cause of all and who enables all things to function according to their nature, who brings to maturity all that can be ripened, who, being non-dual, rules over the whole universe and engages the gunas in their respective functions. He is concealed in the Veda, the Upanishads, and all the secret parts of the Vedangas, upangas, etc. ‘Brahma knew Him who can be known only from the evidence of the Vedas’. The gods and seers of olden times who knew Him became ‘Brahman’ and attained Immortality. Endowed with the three gunas, the jiva performs action, seeking its fruit; and again, it reaps the fruit of what it has done. Assuming all forms and led by the three gunas, the jiva, ruler of the pranas, roams about following the three paths, according to its deeds.
    “Of the size of a thumb, but brilliant, like the sun, the jiva possesses both volition and egoism. It is endowed with the qualities of both buddhi and Atman. Therefore it is seen as another entity, inferior and small as the point of a goad.” [Yajur Veda, Shvetashvatara Upanishad, Part I, Chapter V, 1-8] 

Sunday 27 November 2016

Gita as Intuitional Knowledge

  'Knowledge' (jnyan) is obtained at two levels. Knowledge of higher level is( paravidya, and it is obtained in a state of transcendental meditation (atindriya dhyana) while contemplating on a particular subject. All other knowledge concerning the material world including the Veda and Upanishads are apara vidya that can be obtained from reading books, hearing lectures and experimenting with the objects of the world. The apara vidya is of no avail if one wants salvation, mukti or moksha. There is no other way, but to take to samadhi yogaif one wants to get over metempsychosis, repeated births and deaths in this mrutyu lok where all that is born has to suffer and die. Higher knowledge is like cataract operation that opens up our vision to the futility of mortal existence, eating, sleeping and recreation finally leading to old age and death. 
      यतन्तो योगिनश्चैनं पश्यंत्यात्मन्यवस्थितम्।
     yataMto yoginashcainaMpashyaMtyAtmanyavasthitam |
     These are the revelations of an enlightened Mind, a ruShi, who inquires into the nature of ‘Existence, Knowledge, and Bliss’ and then realizes brahmn. He is a realized soul, a druShTAra, who gets revelations and it is he who gives us these above details of creation and dissolution, structure and composition and nature of this universe in the gItA.
    There is none else but the Self, the Atman, as the ‘Knower of brahmn’. This Atman or the Self is called bhagavAn Shree Krishna here. He only asserts that “He is the Self of all”.
  ahamAtmA guDAkeshasarvabhutAshayasthitaH | (10. 20).
  ममैवंशो जीवलोके जीवभुत सनतनः।
  मन:षष्टानि इंद्रियाणि प्रक्रुतिस्थानि  कर्षति। (१५.  )  
       mamaivaMsho jIvaloke jIvabhuta sanatanaH |
        manaH ShaShTAni iMdriyANi prakrutisthAni karShati || (15. 7)
     “He is the Self of all” and He only becomes the jIvatman, as an aMshatmika entity. He further clarifies that the same unmanifest brahmn is called the puruSha, nArAyaNa, or Shree Krishna and He replicates in all forms- as a ganapti, a vedavysa, or you and I, she, it, and they, or/and this and that. He, the Lord is the puruSha called the ‘kShara purusha’, the jIvAtma, as well as, the ‘akShara brahmn’ in the aShTaprakruti; also, He is the ‘parama puruSha’,-ekAkakShara brahmn.
    It all depends on one’s mind and its focused attention to know this all-pervasive Consciousness and understand the Lord’s lila. Everything depends on one’s mind and moods. If there is no mood ‘to know’, or there is no focused mind, there is no cognition of the objective world. Cognition and Self-contemplation hold the secret. The gItA is all about this only.
  [Note: In fact, gaNeSa does not appear in Indian epic literature that is dated back to the vedic period. A later interpolation to the epic poem Mahabharata says that the sage vyāsa asked gaNeSa to serve as his scribe to write down the poem as dictated by him. Lord gaNeSa agreed but on condition that vyasa dictate the poem uninterrupted, without a pause. The sage agreed, but found that to get any rest he needed to dictate composing very complex passages so that gaNeSa would have to ask for clarifications. This story is not accepted as part of the original text by the editors of the critical edition* of the Mahabharata, in which the twenty-line story is relegated to a footnote in an appendix.*].
     It is stated that the story of gaNeSa acting as the scribe occurs in 37 of the 59 ms. consulted during preparation of the critical edition.** gaNeSa's is associated with mental agility and learning; this is one reason why he is shown as the scribe for Vyāsa's dictation of the mahAbhArat.***
   Richard L. Brown* dates the story to the 8th century, and Moriz Winternitz concludes that it was known as early as c. 900, but it was not added to the Mahabharata some 150 years later. Winternitz**** also notes that a distinctive feature in South Indian ms. of the Mahabharata is their omission of this Ganesha legend**** Mahābhārata Vol. 1 Part 2. Critical edition, p. 884.
** For statement that "Fifty-nine manuscripts of the Ādiparvan were consulted for the reconstruction of the critical edition. The story of Gaṇeśa acting as the scribe for writing the Mahābhārata occurs in 37 manuscripts", see: Krishan 1999, p. 31, 4.*** Brown, p.4.; **** Winternitz, Moriz. "Gaṇeśa in the Mahābhārata". JRAS (1898:382). Citation provided by Rocher, Ludo. "Gaņeśa's Rise to Prominence in Sanskrit Literature". Brown, p. 80. [Courtsey: Wikepedia].


Who wrote the Gita?

There is a painting in Angkor Vat depicting ShrI Vyasadeva seen dictating the epic Mahabharat to his scribe Ganapati, The common belief is that Sri Krishna dvaipayana Vyasa deva dictated the Mahabharata to his scribe Ganadhipati who wrote it down with one of his broken tooth (ekadanta). But actually, both Krishna dvaipayana and Ganapati are one only. The seer and the seen are one. The perceiver and the perceived are one.kavinaam kavih Ganapti wrote this text on the tablet of our heart and only we have to open to see it! So, where is the  Gita? It is within us since the Veda says, Atmaivedgm sarvam | At,ma knows all !
The Prayer to Lord of the Elements (our physical body) Ganapati is:

   गणानाम् त्वा गणपतिम् हवामहे कविम् कवीनाम् उपमश्रवस्तमम्।
 ज्येष्टराजम् ब्रह्मणाम् ब्रह्मणस्पत ऊतिभिः सीद सादनम्॥ (रुग्वेद . २३. )

  Om | gaNAnAM tvA gaNapatiM havAmahe kavim kavInAm upamashravastamam |  
   jyeShTarAjaM brahmaNAm brahmaNaspatAnaH UtiBiH sIdasAdanam ||
                                                                                       (Rk Veda 2. 23. 1).
    The BagavadgItA is supposed to be an episode- bhIShma parva, in the great epic mahAbhArata written(?) by Lord gaNeSa (gaNa adhipati, Isa) as dictated by Sage vedavyAsa on the advice of nArada. Sages are jnani who do not speak! This is the prevailing knowledge among the common people. But, it may be clarified here the fact that there is no nArada, vedavyAsa or a gaNapati or the mahAbhArata unless we create one for our convenience. Let’s realize the fact that there are no literary evidences or proof for all the ‘God-spoken Words’ although some such pramaNa, proof, or sources quoted, etc. are available; this proof according to the vaiShNava saMpradAya is also provided here for reference. In fact, everything that we find today as ancient scriptures is that which is written by somebody; and, God’s words are shrutivAkya, the ‘heard voice, and not the written documents. In fact, everything is human’s intelligence and creative power only expressed by some divine attained souls. It should also be remembered that these are highly abstract, inexplicable, and somehow find expression in the extraordinary attained persons. Even the persons as physical entities are not important here; it is their intelligence, spiritual attainment, level of Consciousness that is important. So when we say, a bhrugumuni, or a narada and vishvamitra, it only means the height of their spiritual attainment and not the persons. Normally, these Sages have left behind all their prefixes, affixes, and appendages of family, tradition, names, forms and functions. They are in a state of brahm when they attain their highest! It is only at this level that a sadhaka can understand what they spell out in exalted state of pure Consciousness. Not all can understand the words of bhagavan unless he/she tries to attain this state like sages and saints such as aruNi uddalaka, yajnyAvalkya, or maitrayaNi.
    Thus, the phrases- ‘Thus spake the Lord’ (bhagavan uvaca) or ‘God-spoken word’ mean revealed or intutional knowledge’, may be, revelations getting from the inner ‘Self’. It is our intelligence, creative genius for which there is a ‘divine source’. But for this divine origin there is no explanation for our existence here. We are on a chosen planet where life is a form of vibrant Energy, derived from the electromagnetic wavicles derived from the Sun. Everything here is Energy, Waves and Vibration. Our thoughts, ideas, imagination create a world of varied and diverse objects which have no substantial existence of their own. The tanmatra of Agni is rupam. Thus, ‘Forms are created by the vibrant Energy’. Everything is a passing phase of our own experience due to our focused attention. If we do not look at anything with intent, ineterst, that thing simply does not exist. All our friends, wife and children, homes are our own creation- a creation of a thought-particle of our Mind! Unless one says ‘yes’- a product of our Mind, there will be no further creation! These are given a valid, rational explanation in the veda, upanishat, brahmasutra, and the gItA.
     Let’s remember the fact that “not only the Planet Earth, but the humans on it, as well, are an insignificant miniscule, vibrant energy, sub-atomic particle, in the Galaxy”. As a jiva, human existence on earth is so short as compared to the eons or yugas that pass by, as that of the time taken by a wink (nemiSha) of the Lord. Within a short time span of a few decades of a person’s life, what can be understood, experienced or realized is open to question. Moreover, everything that man knows is only through a second-hand source, of course with an exception that some are revelations of a few divine souls!  
    Thus, what we see and understand here is open to question! As regards, the author of the gItA, the versatile genius vEda vyAsa dictating, and his scribe gaNapati taking down the notes, that too, with a broken tusk, it may be said, nothing is so stupid for a rational and scientific inquisitive mind than a flower blooming in the sky (gagana kusuma) or a fish with a strong horn!. But, it is everything- a fantasy, an imaginative story, a celestial song, a sermon, or a beautiful fiction for a curious and inquisitive mind full of innocence,” What is said about gaNapati cannot be simply dismissed as just a mythologic story for children. There is a lot of secret spiritual power hidden in it. There is a ‘vANcCA kalpalata SrIvidya gaNapati’ clad in a saree shown as the ‘Deity of SrIvidyA’, and a mahAmaMtra is also attached to it. It is a serious tantropAsana scripture retrieved from yajurveda recently discovered and published by Sri Amritananda (H.S.Thyagaraj) at the Trayinyas SrIvidya Foundation in Mysore. It reveals these secrets. A serious upasaka has to take to upasana of this Deity and experience that divine power. All that one desires will be fulfilled and this includes Atmajnyan and salvation, moksha..
   Mythologically speaking, Lord gaNesh is the creation of devi pArvati, the product of a brain-wave- that a human form is created out of clay and prANa is infused into it. As the story goes, Siva’s consort devi pArvati in kailAs made an earthen doll, infused life into it, and asked it to guard the place with strict instruction not to allow anybody inside. Siva came and saw that his entrance is blocked. He got angry, fight ensued since gaNesh refused to allow Siva inside, and finally the guard gaNeSa was beheaded by the furious Lord. Thus, the guard lost his head. Later, pArvati told Siva all about gaNeSa and wanted that gaNesh be revived; thus, servants were sent to fetch the head of anybody sleeping with head northward so that it can be transplanted. Only a baby elephant was sleeping that way and it was beheaded and its head was brought and transplanted! Thus, the head of an elephant came to gaNesh, the ‘Deity of the Gana’ of the Earth. Lord gaNapati is muladhara adhipati, pure Consciousness at the basal plexus,  In fact, most of the gods and goddesses are depicted in the epics as features with heads of animals and birds! It may be symbolic, or may be, it is the state of evolution where such and such specie of an animal or bird, or even plants, have reached their highest level of Consciousness.
    Now, as the story continues, gaNesh lost one of his tusks either in a fight with Nandi, the official carrier of Shiva or, may be, gaNesha himself cut it and threw at the Moon laughing at his unique form of appearance riding a rat! Also, may be, the pen failed while writing the epic mahAbhArat and he cut his tusk to continue his writing. Thus, all these are childish speculations, but not without substance. As already stated, the spiritual scriptures including the veda, SrIvidyA, bhagavad-gItA are full of symbols, imageries, code words and full of estoric meaning that cannot be easily deciphered except in a transcendental state attained with the help of practice of yoga  (yogasadhana).
   But, it may be aked, “What about the status of the gItA amongst the various spiritual Texts?” At the outset, the Bagavad-gItA believed tobe taken out from the great epic, as an episode of Bhishma Parva by Sri Shankaracharya is not actually a part of the epic mahAbhArata. It is just interpolated by vedavyas when he was finding short of topic to dictate to Ganesha (gaNeSa). Actualllas these are ‘divine words’- the ‘Words of God’; first, BagavAn shrI Shree Krishna revealed this Atmadnyan as the ‘gItopadeSa’ to the sureya, the first self-effulgent manu, vivasvAn, the Father of Mankind, Aditya, and the same Gitopadesha was imparted to all the subsequent svayaMbhu manu- the first manifest form of Mahavishnu,  Father of Man, the ‘man’ (Mind), citta, or AkAsha- that which holds everything as the Space, sky. The Mind and Akash are same and AkAsha is called ‘KaM brahma’, the immeasurable vast and deep non-entity that holds all!
    Thus, the gItA emerged in the form of ‘divine thoughts’ or secret of the secrets (guhyatama guhya) imparted by the ‘Lord of the Luminous Mind’ at the beginning of each cycle of creation and dissolution- a cosmic drama. It has come down to us (as an unwritten word of breath of Lord Siva, Shree Krishna, or apourusheya, emerging within us) as a spiritual heritage!
   The celebrated author of the sacred Text is stated to be Shree Krishna dvaipAyana. He is the supreme Lord, the omniscient SrI hari nArAyaNa, also called acyuta bAadarAyaNa. He is also known as ‘vedavvyAsa. munInamyapahaM vyasaH | [10. 37]. He is the Self and sits in the cavity of the heart as antaryamin. He is seen here with the Lord of the universe, gaNapati- the Deity of Muladhara who dwells in the basal plexus of Consciousness. The Rkveda saMhita is actually a soliloquy, a monologue. It is, as if, a dialogue between pure Consciousness and the vibrating Mind, its moods and attitudes. May be, gaNapati,* as an elemental god, is a myth indicating the transient nature of existence. That way, the most Revered Omniscient Sage vedavyAsa**, the renown author of the brahmasutra and all the puraNa- shruti and smruti, is none other than SrIman nArAyaNa, the parabrahmn from whom the sovereign Consciousness radiates as an eternal flow of “sat-cit-anand”.
   The Rkveda saMhita locates Ganapatim at the mulAdhAra, the basal plexus of Consciousness and it is He, the gaNapati who writes the Rks with his tusk (danta) in our heart. He is the Revered Deity of our ‘Basal Plexus’ (mulAdhAra-pradnya) and it is He, who wards off all evil and keeps us safe and secure with all our senses.

   Hence, it cannot be said to be the notions of an intelligent brain working on the search for ‘sat’, the ‘essential nature’ of human existence. This power of Creation, the Intelligence is Shree Krishna (See vibhuti yoga). The Rishis have had this darshan and revealed this Truth. However, it may be also said that ‘everything is born out of Mind (the manas)’ and, thus a product of wild imagination, thoughts, ideas, and forms. Although the gItA says, the Rishis like nArada, devala, asita, and vyAsa are the manifest forms of brahma, actually, there are no such things as vedavyAsa, gaNapati, or Shree Krishna here! Everything is brahmn only. sarvaM KhaluvidaM brahma and ‘brahmn’ is the central idea and the goal of the teachings of the gItA is to attain to IT. The gItA is narrated by the inner voice attributed to ‘pure consciousness’ -Shree Krishna. It is an intellectually and intuitionally revealed Knowledge, druShTa, that emanates from within.  

Bhagavan Shree Krishna

It is surprising that there is no mention of the name of Shree Krishna in the Vedic texts. Hence, it is possible that the Vedas are created by the Lord Shree Krishna only and one else. But, then, Who is this Krishna. Chapter x of the Gita Vibhuti yoga narrates who is this Bhagavan and where all He has entered and pervaded all moving and nob-moving beings. The very existence is Bhagavan and sarvam khaluvidam brahmaa | He the Bhagavan is acyuta, ananta, devesha, krishna, janardhana, purushpttama and is called by a thousand other names! All these are His names, not He.The reality, the truth appears only when the nama (name) roopa (form) and karya (function) are discarded. Thus, the supreme Lord, Bhagavan is nameless, formless, functionless and permeates all that exists as the sat, chit, and ananda. The entire Gita is a celestial song praising the Lord by Arjuna in this sense. He is unborn, eternal and immortal. He only exists in all and nothing exists besides Him. All that we breathe is his breath, all that we think is His thoughts, and all the sense is His only and nothing else. There is what is called the Lotus heart (hrutkamala, where He is seated! one can see Him in a state of transcendental meditative mode. dhyanavasthita tad gatena manasa pashyanti yoginaa paraaH||

Saturday 26 November 2016

The Bhagavad-Gita Doctrines

   The Bhagavad-Gita is one of the most widely circulated spiritual text and it has been translated into almost all the popular languages of the world. People all over the world have read and appreciated the message conveyed in the Text. One of the best commentaries has come from a Russian saint. Some commentators like Swami Yogananda have tried to give the inner subtler meaning (antarartha) and treated the characters as symbolic of power vested in the names (shakti) and some have just used the text as a means of spreading dharma amongst the people. However the mukti or moksha aspects explained in the last chapter remains unattended..
   We have an invaluable guide in the spoken words (Bhagavan uvacha..) popularly known as the Gita. These are the celestial songs according to some, and they are the path of salvation to some. Swami Shivananda of Hrishikesh Advaita Ashrama treats it as an explanation of the Vedic doctrine of So'ham' or "I Am That- unborn, eternal and immortal" Thou art that Shvetaketu" is the Upanishad doctrne. This is the "tat tvam asi" aspect of the Veda realization of which leads to "aham brahmasmi".
    The Vedic aphorism- "tat tvam asi" is explained in the Gita. The first six chapters deal with 'tvam', addressed to Arjuna, the next six chapters explain who the 'tat' ('tyat') is, and the last six chapters explain how the two - the Atman and Paramatman (the 'asi' aspect) are united by yoga. The ardent disciple of Shree Krishna is bound to find salvation in the Gita. A study of the Gita, svadhyaya of Gita, or 'gitopasana', is a sure path to salvation, mukti, moksha. Thus, whoever wants to cross the ocean of sansar may use this as a boat.
   The Text of the Gita runs into seven hundred verses and one; and the one normally omitted is a question asked by Arjuna. This is mostly neglected and the Chapter begins with Bhagavan uvacha, Again,most of the commentators have failed to bring out the main theme and 'go on beating round the bush', as they say. They fail to explain who is Bhagavan? Does He speak? And, if at all He speaks, in what language does He speak? How many days are required to convey the message of the Gita? Is it 18 days, or18 minutes, or 18 seconds? Where is this Kurukshetra? Is it really there near Delhi (Hastinapura) or is it in our own mind? Who are the Kurus and the Pandavas? Are they humans like us with flesh and blood, or divine powers born to no humans since they do not have either father or mother! The commentators forget that Kunti does not bear the pandava in her womb for nine months and King Pandu was dead on the very fist day of marriage! Bhagavan Krishna says He is an avatar of Vishnu, the direct descent of 'purnaprajnya', pure Consciousness. These are eternal questions that have no answer. But, an enlightened person can get the intuitional knowledge and answers to all these questions from a careful study (adhyayana) manana and chintana and can visualize in a state of transcendental meditative mode, samadhi or trance!
  Some commentators have taken only one or two aspect such as karma yoga and sankhya yoga. Many commentators have failed to bring out the very essence of the Gita in "Ityekakshara brahma.." or "Om tatsat iti". Hence, there is no comprehensive authoritative commentary on the Gitopadesha, true to its substance, available to us so far. We will try to fill the gap in the study and explore the possibility of attaining moksha through gitopasana here.
  There are simple techniques of study of the Gita. These are discussed one by one later.
    

Wednesday 23 November 2016

"Urdhva retasa"

    Normally it is at puberty, early adolescence days that sex harmones are released and the children behave erratic. After some time, the regulation of harmones is induced and the children are directed towards studies, sports and other activities. There may be some cases of children being spoiled due to bad company, may be due to lack of control or supervision by elders. However, a better life is awaiting those who are properly educated and trained for some avocation.
   Sex plays a limited role in life, may be, about 3 to 5 percent of our life time! This may come as a surprize to many who are obsessed with sex and go on talking right into their old age and unto death. In fact, sex by itself is not bad. It is sex obsession that is bad. It is the vasana, sexual urge that is prompted by constant sex thoughts and memories of sex that haunt a person till death. The reason for this is just food and nothing else. Such an obsession is common amongst the ignorant people since they are revelling in thoughts, ideas, and talks of sex, day in and day out. We can say people talking about sex and making jokes and enjoying. Sex is an obsession since it is a pastime for many and it has lost all sanctity. But, definitely it is different- it is one thing to think and talk, and another to walk into the trap of sexual indulgences due to these thoughts, ideas and urges. Indian culture prohibits exhibitionism, talk and overt indulgences in open about sex and attaches great sanctity to sex.
   Vatsayana has given the code of sexual life and has given dos and don'ts. It is a ritual, yajnya- putrakameshti yajnya. It is for progeny, prosperity and propagation of life. In fact, it is extremely difficult and dangerous to approach a woman according to Vatsayana. The sex is bound with marriage and any promiscuity is a sin. Sex is forbidden before marriage and the code, shastra, dictates when and how to carry on the rituals. Any freedom in matters of sex, svechha, free indulgences, lead to dangerous consequences, to the extent of destruction of the moral fabric of society and heralds doom. It is warned, that promiscuity will lead to immorality and way-word life, a life of adharma. It produces bastards, off-springs that are cruel, mentally and physically retarded. There are anecdotes in Upanishads to narrate how harmful for mankind it is to indulge in sex without any care for the consequences. All the unwanted disastrous consequences, anishta prarabhda, occur due to free sex. Sex should be limited to marriage within family life and only for the purpose of begetting progeny and nothing more! One male and one female issues are advocated in the shastra, too. But, who cares is the attitude. The result of free sex is already there to see. Unstable marriages lead to wreck of young lives. Lack of sex education leads to this situation; however, efforts are being made to educate the youth. Moreover, the thriving business of pornography, human trafficking, and flesh trade have become a such a profitable trade world over that even the responsible people who should stop this too are encouraging these nefarious activities openly or tacitly. The result is suffering, misery and doom of humanity.
    Sigmund Freud and Alfred Jung are supposed to be authorities on sex in the Western psychology and they have clearly stated that 'sex is an inseparable part of life'. But, this is not so in Indian culture. Sex in Indian culture is restricted to the extent of getting an off-spring, progeny for promoting family lineage. But, sex these days has become almost like breakfast and dinner! We will not discuss these aspects any further.
    The spiritual life is asexual. Children are not thinking about sex while playing together. So also, old people engaged in discourses of spiritual texts, epics and shastras. This asexual form life, one of asceticism, comes only after one takes to vanaprasthashrama and sanyasa after leaving the family life. The famous upanishad account of Sage Yajnyavalkya and his wives Maitreyi and Katyayani is very famous. The sage takes the permission of his wives to leave the family and take to full time meditation, However, Maitreyi insists to know why it is necessary to leave the family. When the sage explains the goal of life and the path of salvation, Maitreyi also wants to follow him and take to ascetic life. Vanaprasthashrama is the state when the individuals live alone in secluded place like caves, forests, or mountains totally devoted the meditation and attain to higher level of consciousness. However, there is no need to go out if conditions for meditation in seclusion is possible within the family surroundings.What is important is meditation without disturbance for longer duration with total focused attention (chitta ekagrata).
    The result of ascetic life is wonderful. It brings enlightenment. It brings supreme bliss, happiness and joy in old age. the persons who take to meditation in a secluded pace will achieve tejas. The retas that was flowing downward earlier, begins to flow upward and converts it to ojas (shakti). This ojas becomes tejas,'Light' Such a sage is tejomaya, an embodiment of Light. Thus, the purpose of being born a human is attained. The human becomes the divine.

Sunday 20 November 2016

Life of an Enlightened Person

An enlightened person is one who has realized the true nature of the Self as well as the reality of existence in an external world. The realization of the Self, 'Atmajnyan, brings an end to the ignorance, and clears avidya, makes the jiva realize the illusory nature of the world and makes him withdraw from it. The jiva will not get perturbed to the happenings in the outside world since it is peacefully, happily, joyfully established in the Self. 
   Let's take an example of Syria. Whatever is happening is pathetic and our heart bleeds when we see children fleeing in the rubbles fearing for life.No sensible person will aprove of the heinous crime perpetrated on humanity, whatever the reason.But, who cares is the attitude of the Governments! Similarly, the situation elsewhere in USA, Libya, India due to demonetisation,etc. An enlightened person will remain calm amidst all chaos and confusion and go on his daily life without being disturbed. The yogi knows that having born, it is the nature of the jiva to suffer.This suffering ends with the knowledge of the Self and the knowledge of what is perceived as an other than the self. 
   Another important point to be remembered is the fat that "everything will pass over time'. There is a higher divine Supervisor and He supervises things. Let's hope for the best and go with our lives. This attitude will not come unless a person is too much involved in the worldly affairs, as if it is real. This world is a stage where every one plays an actor and often sits as a spectator, too. Be a spectator, 'witnessing self' and be happy.
  Reading a Chapter of the Gita everyday will greatly help the troubled souls. Whenever a person is disturbed by any event, it is best advised to take to reading a Chapter; It gives great solace and restores confidence in the self. Krishna comes as a savior to all those who seek Him like Droupadi and befriend Him like Arjuna.
   An enlightened person, thus, will not get involved in the worldly affairs since he/she has realized the transient nature of the world. Let us always remember that our forefathers lived and died and nothing changed much! We too have seen the days of the World War I and II, alien rule in India, and the changes that happened during the last seven decades. Let's not lose faith in our ability overcome crisis after crisis and let's face life boldly as it comes. Only cowards die again and again. 

Thursday 17 November 2016

"Swami"

Not all become 'swami' if one just calls himself a swami or herself a swamin/. One has to transcend the limitations of time, space and causality, one has to transcend 'maya', one has to cross the ocean of sansar in order to become a swami. People may call anybody a swami if he/she sees a saffron-robed person with a rudraksha mala or a mark on the forehead, but he/she is fooled. A true Swami does not move around and, may occasionally visit a village or town. In fact a swami has no business in the market place. He has nothing to busy or sell. So one has to be careful about swamis who collect money and teach how to breath, or even profess to teach kundalini yoga, etc A person who travels in jet airways from ashram to ashram or runs a show in his/her ashram is not a real swami. A true swami, as already stated, sits alone in meditation on a hill top, or deep in a forest, or alone in a secluded place on the riverside or lakeside and, definitely will not entertain people unless they want some help like medicine or guidance. Only those who have crossed the ocean sansar can guide or help others to cross the misery of life. So let us be clear about this.
  As it is already stated, "a swami is one who has transcended limitations" What are the limitations? These limitations are that of the senses, buddhi, thinking and decision-making ability, or even the limitations of time, space, and causality (cause and effect). But how to cross these limitations.It is just like the deep sleep or sushupti state where one is not aware of his/her existence, but sleeping in ignorance, not knowing that he/she is enjoying the bliss of union with the supreme (pure) consiousness. But, definitely, remembers the fact that he/she enjoyed the bliss!
  All limitations can be crossed, transcended by just sitting firm, thinking of the supreme Lord Almighty, how He is running the universe! Just looking at the sky may be enough in some cases. Just looking at the vast sky also will help. Just reminiscing the happy times is also another easy method. Staying in a state of trance, in transcendental meditation mode, is a beautiful way to transcend all limitations. What doctors give as anaesthesia is one such; it makes you totally unaware of your existence. Body consciousness ceases as soon as one gets into dhyan mode, meditative trarnce. A regular practice of meditation will do the trick.
   Many people are not aware of the different meanings and connotations of the term 'maya'. teh term ma and ya when reversed becomes ya ma, (kaal) or death). Thus, maya is a limitation, limiting of existence from date of birth to date of death. But one does not know that our existence is not limited to this life between birth and death. We should remember that we were there before birth in the form of light, energy, force, and intelligence (L I F E). We should remember that 'we continue to exist without a physical body, of course,  even after death! So where is the limitation. This knowledge itself becomes liberation.
    Now, a person who transcends the mind, its vibrant activity, chittavrutti, will be free from maya. All that is measurable (ya- that is and ma- measurable) is siad  to be 'maya'; ya ma also means kaal, death that removes the limitations of the physical body. Hence one has to carefully understand and realize the fact that we, as humans, are under limitations, maya, yama due to our ignorance. When we realize that we are no more limited beings, but we are the sat, chit, anand by virtue of our soul, the battle of sansar is won. It is our ignorance, this embodiment of the soul like a cocoon building a nest by its saliva feels that it is imprisoned (but frees itself and flies off as a colorful butterfly later), that we feel we are under limitations. But this ignorance is removed, the cataract is removed by a true guru. But, our ego will not permit us to surrender to the guru. We go on passing remarks one everybody who tries to help us and thereby get lost in this wilderness, this land of sufferings, misiery, sickness and death. The choice to seek liberations is ours!   

Sunday 13 November 2016

"Making of a Swami"

   What exactly happens when a person arrives at a turning point is confusion, perplexity, and a test to his ability to decide quickly to take a firm decision to move forward. Does every jiva on the move can cope with that? The big question is the role played by the unseen divine hand (adrushta) , the accrued fruits of past lives (purvapunya), divine grace (daivaanugraha),  or the role of fate of destiny (vidhi),  Nobody knows what is the governing principle here. But, one thing is certain, some jivas are instantly liberated from the shackles of bondage- the bonds that bind the jiva to repeated births and deaths in earthly existence, gets enlightened as to the reality of existence, and relieved once and for all! This is like the cataract (that blinds) is removed by a (lazer) surgery. The person is thus totally enlightened. How does this happen?
  The 'quirk of fate', as it were, leads the jiva by hand to a critical situation, to the verge of a cliff and takes away everything he/she possesses and leaves him/her naked on the street! We have quoted the life of Lalleshwari in Kashmir. The same is the case of Bharata Ratna Bhimsen Joshi, Gurudev Ranade, and many many others who turned mystics, less to speak about the experience of this author writing the blog. When everything is withdrawn overnight, left high and dry, left nothing to hold on, there is a choice of only one thing and that is suicide, to which many succumb, take recourse to. But that is only to those jivas which are totally ignorant, loaded with karma and unable to think and unable to run to a guru who can redeem him/her. But, this situation comes only to a few as a blessing in disguise to those who are blindly going on in a worldly life, revelling in sensuous life. They suddenly gets a bolt from the blue and is shaken to the core. Such a jiva asks the Lord,"What is your design, resolve, my Lord? Do not punish me, Lead me unto the heavenly abode of 'Light' (go loka), Knowledge (jnyan), Immortality (amruta) and kindly take me by your hand and lead me out of this mess." Lo, there comes a sudden 'Light' and you are relieved from all shackles. The chain is cut off. Now you can live happily, peacefully, joyfully unmindful of what is going on around you. Nobody bothers you or, you do not bother about anybody and life goes on happily till last breath. Nothing touches you. You are your own 'Master', gained full control over the self, a 'Swami' - established in the self. Thus a Swami is born,
  Is this Swami a teacher? No. He does not teach anything, not even yoga. He is the one who has left interest in worldly life and lives alone in a forest, hilltop, or alone in a secluded place. sometimes, may be in a cave or a tree top! He appears like a mad person who throws stones at those who look curiously at him or trouble him. How can he relieve us from our bondage? Who told you he does anything? It is we who go to him with a purpose and full faith in him. We go there to surrender all our ego, attachment, pride, envy, and other quaities at his feet. He acts like a fire pot, agni kunda and get purified. When we go within his aura all our blemishes attached to our soul as a stain gets cleansed. We become totally liberated. No desire rises in us and we desire nothing thereafter.
   How does a Guru come to him, the earnest seeker to lift him/her up? This is the miracle! The Guru comes to the door of his disciple, as if ordained by the supreme Lord Almighty, and takes him/her by hand and, leaves him in the domain of the Lord, nothing to bother about after! 

Friday 11 November 2016

Turning Point

   There is a turning point in the journey of every individual, society, nation and even the world, the way it is moving. Whether it is for the good,better or worse, nobody knows. Bhagavan Krishna says to Uddhava, when the latter came to meet Him, the Lord, before the close of the Dvapara yuga, "Dear Uddhava, why did you not meet me earlier? Now you are complaining about the prospects of the world after I leave here. Look, once the wheel of time turns, sudarshan kaala chakra starts moving nobody knows what is there in in it. Just like a plant bears flowers, fruits at the appropriate time, things happen. Nobody can stop it. I also do not know. Infact, as the Ruler of dharma I cannot stop or change it. Let anything happen, you need not bother. Take my name and be happy. I shall protect all those who seek my shelter. yogakshemam vahaamyaham | But, there is one condition. Drop all that you trust and seek Me and Me only. sarva dharma parityjya maamekam sharanam vraja
  Where is the problem? Trust in God and go ahead. Do your duty in the interest of the Nation, State, society at large. loka sangraharthaya karmanyevaadhikaraste... | 
   This is the mahamantra for a "Happy, Healthy, Joyful Living".

Monday 7 November 2016

Step-by-step to Salvation

Salvation or mukti, moksha is not a big deal. It can be attained now and here. There is nothing to do to attain to to this state; one has to just realize that he /she is already liberated and not bound by anybody or anything. This realization comes after one gets rid of all attachment (moha)- this ego 'i', me and mine. The moment this 'i' goes just as it appears in deep sleep everyday, or just as one is given anaesthesia in the case of a surgery, or as in nirvikalpa samadhi there is a sense of total salvation. This salvation is not to be attained after death. It should come as a peaceful existence now and here. One should feel happy, joyful to be alone in deep meditation to experience this state of salvation, mukti. Such persons are always happy, nothing bothers them and they will peacefully exit after the assigned number of breaths and get promoted to pitru loka (where many a blessed souls wander as light particles in the atmosphere along with oxygen. Though the physical body is cast off, these blessed souls as photons can see their kith and kin and help them by wishing them well! This is the reason why we pay respects to our departed parents, kith and kin. 
   The path of salvation is just simple. The person desirous of a happy and peaceful old age and a joyful death should withdraw senses, in the senses, stop the outgoing tendencies of senses, eager to look at, taste, smell, touch, or hear. Then he/she should stop thinking of anything that does not concern him or her, desire things which do not give permanent happiness; should avoid all sensations and greed, desire for things that make one a slave craving for it more and more. Half the battle is won whe he or she is able to sit the whole day in one place without moving! Such people should desist eating when not hungry and going to bed when not feeling sleepy. What is more when one does not desire anything and feels happay and contented? This is like a person saying a firm 'no' to anything when offered.
   Ask yourself what do you want when everything is already is there with you. What do you take from here when you die? What did you bring when you came here? So give away everything when alive and be free. Salvation lies in giving up, not possessing. This is the secret of salvation. 
 But, are we ready for this? This is the problem.  

Tuesday 1 November 2016

Attainment- mukti, moksha

   Actually, there is nothing like mukti or moksha. Mukti is liberation; but, liberation from what? Once born, there is nothing else but 'to live' and one cannot die on his own. To die committing suicide is said to be sin. Nobody can run away from responsibilities. But, one thing is certain. What all is created will be destroyed and that is the natural law. So, as a human being, jiva born due to karma, it has to eat what it has cooked. Karma klesha are the seeds of our repeated births and deaths. These kleshas accrue due to the jiva's desire, attachment, and ignorance. Hence, the jiva can get liberated from its repeated births and deaths bu burning the seeds of karma by jnyana. This is the very purpose of life. Having born, to realize the purpose, the goal of life is the first duty of the jiva ifit wants mukti. But, the senses and the mind play the villain of the piece. They get the jiva entangled in the worldly pursuits become the cause of our misery, albeit a little joy in between.
    There is misconception regarding the concept of 'mukti' and 'moksha'. These are loosely translated into English as liberation, emancipation, release from bondage, attainment, etc These are to be clearly understood. In fact there is nothing like liberation according to great jnyanis like Raikva, Ashtavakra, Sage Vashishtha or Aavadhuta, They are of the opinion that 'only those who think they are in bondage seek liberation'. They proclaim "You are already free". Where is the need to seek liberation to one who is already liberarated?" If a person is already happily enjoying his life where is the need to seek happiness? The tricky situation is that one does not realize his happy state when he is already deeply involved in it and enjoying; when he comes out of it and revels in it he desires to enjoy it again! Thus the race begins. All desires start with either a memory or a dream to fulfill. No desire, no running about! this is real liberation from bondage, mukti, moksha.
   There is another deeper aspect of liberation. This is the liberation of the embodied soul. But, ordinarily people are not aware of this. Hence, there is no problem. However, certain jiva who come to know of this embodiment and its consequence, seek for immediate liberation. They get frightened at the prospect of taking repeated births in different births and the consequences (suffering). They realize that the earth is a place where "Whatever is born has to die". jatasya hi maranam dhruvam. In the Gita, Bhagavan Shree Krishna warns that" A  person (jiva) once born has to die and take birth and die, take birth and die, again and again and there is no guarantee that one who dies as a human will take birth as a human only again!" So a wise man will start planning to get out of this cycle of metempsychosis. Thus there arises the need for a teacher, study of scriptures, practice of yoga and finally, the grace of the Lord.
   There is no specific method by which one becomes a Rishi, Sage-seer or jnyani. However, spiritual practices are prescribed as in Patanjali Yogasutras to become a purified person eligible for this status. There is no other alternate but to become pure in thoughts, words, action, nature and attitude towards fellow-living beings- kaya, vacha, manasa, buddhyatmika svabhava parishuddhata and loka- sangraharthaya karma karyah. Gods or Cosmic Forces, devi devata shakti only bestow their grace on the spiritual seekers (sadhaka) and reveal the sacred word from the Heavens, as it were, (richa akshare parame vyoman).  The intuitional knowledge thus obtained, the revelations or darshan is the only knowledge beyond doubt! There is no need for further proof once a person gets this divine knowledge. This ;liberates the embodied  soul, and this is mukti, moksha.
   A Sage -seer is one who gets the divine knowledge. This is said to be the grace of the Deity of Ananada, Soma. Soma is the bestower of Bliss and the Lord of the Mind. One may get supreme knowledge, but will not become a Rishi. A Rishi must get the subtle word, mantra from the divine source. It is the unheard sound (anahata shabda). 
  Rk Veda 1. 31, 16 says, "Agni deva, the Divine Purifier, creates a Rishi, an enlightened soul with revelation", whereas, RV 9. 96. 18 says, " Soma creates a Seer". The famous Gayatree mantra is said to be the revelation had by Madhsudana Vaishva Mitra (3. 62. 10). 
  Although a number of Rks state that female Rishis had revelations it is not clear how come there is a division of male or female amongst the great attained souls who are beyond all dualities, who revel in unity consciousness!. hence one has to be careful as to the interpretations of the Vedic doctrines. There is total abnegation of Self at this level. This is what is called "I am the Universe" -aham brahmasmi However, there are different levels of heightened Consciousness before one attains this unity state, brahmn.  There may be Rishi, Maharishi, deva rishi, brahma rishi, etc. But brahman is not attained in all these states. When one drops everything and remains in stillness, he is brahmn.