Structure and Composition of the Universe

   The entire universe is made of atomic particles bubbling with 'energy' and 'intelligence'.. This is almost invisible in their initial primordial state. In fact, the electrons move en masse at the speed of light! What we perceive is just the materials that can be grasped by our limited senses! However, the scientists have gone deep into the study of structure of the atoms and their qualities. Fermi, the French scientist and Bose have given the details of the Fermions and Bosons.

   The famous CERN experiment, the OSIRIS-Rex experiment, and the observations made from the most powerful telescopes set up so far, are such techniques adopted to study the subtler matter invisible to the human eyes. so far. The results are still elusive! All these are still a big question mark. The search goes on. In a world where Einstein’s relativity is true, space has three dimensions, and there is quantum mechanics, all particles must be either fermions (named after Italian physicist Enrico Fermi) or bosons named after Indian physicist Satyendranath Bose). This statement is a mathematical theorem, in an observation from data. But data over the past 100 years seems to bear it out; every known particle in the Standard Model is either a fermion, or a boson. An example of a boson is a photon.

Fermions	Half integral spin	Only one per state	Examples- electrons, protons, neutrons, quarks, neutrinos
Bosons	integral spin	Many can  occupy same  state	Examples: photons,  4He atoms, gluons

 “I regard consciousness as fundamental. I regard matter as derivative from consciousness. We cannot get behind consciousness. Everything that we talk about, everything that we regard as existing or even postulating is consciousness.” [Max Planck, theoretical physicist who originated quantum theory, which won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918].   

    There is another ground-breaking, weird experiment that also has tremendous implications for understanding the nature of our reality, more specifically, what we call “time.” Time on earth is closely associated with the rotation of the earth, its mean velocity, and angle of inclination of the sun’s rays and the particular latitude. Rest all a hypothetical question.

 All fundamental particles in nature can be divided into one of two categories, Fermions or Bosons. The table below enumerates the differences. According to physicist Andrew Truscott, lead researcher from a study published by the Australian National University, the experiment suggests that “Reality does not exist unless we are looking at it.” It suggests that we are living in a holographic-type of universe. Everything is vibration of energy and the chemical bonds create this illusion.

     What we see as “the objective phenomenal world is an illusion”, says the Vedanta; and, now the Scientists, too, support this with proof from their practical experiments!

    The idea first came from the Rk Veda. The nasadiya sukta emphatically and expressly states that “In the beginning, there was neither existence (‘sada’) nor, non-existence (asada)”. If there was nothing in the beginning according to the Rk Veda, nothing was there in existence in the beginning! If nothing was there, how can the objective world come into existence? The Bhagavad-Gita makes this point clear. Here Bhagavan Shree Krishna says, pashya me yogamaishvaram | meaning, “See the cosmic world in Me”. (BG. 11.8). He further asserts that “He projects and withdraws everything, time and again”. Thus, the question of ‘nothing existed in the beginning” does not arise.

Whatever was already there only came out and went back! It is as simple as “Whoever is inside the house only comes out and goes in”! What entered the ‘would-be mother’s’ empty womb (as a sperm) only came out as an off-spring! Is there any surprise? The magic lies in the ‘sperm’ (or the seed in the case of a tree). An invisible, microscopic, potent living germ/seed only creates an off-spring or sprouts, off the parent kind, a plant, animal, or a bird. Hence everything lies in a dormant or invisible state and appears in a gross visible form, but only for a limited span of life time only. 

    What molecular physics or cellular biology says is no different from the above! The Vedic doctrine of ‘nothingness’ is also the doctrine of molecular physics. It is an accepted convention in molecular physics, which sees matter not as inert substance but as a dynamic interplay of energy fields” [Jug Suriya: Juggling Act- “Real Illusion: Incredible Rightness of Non-Being”. Sunday Magazine Feb. 26. 2017].  It is a Dutch physicist Hendrik Casimer who postulated that even the emptiness of a vacuum  contained sub-atomic ‘events called virtual photons which appeared and disappeared in and out of existence, a ceaseless dance between ‘being’ and ‘non-being’- not accessible direct . This is the active presence of absence. “Being and Nothingness” by the French author Sartre vividly exemplifies the overwhelming “thereness of that which is not there”! 

  This state of ’I am’ and ‘I am not’ (‘it is’ and ‘it is not’, too) is not a strange situation. We find this in our everyday life- at the time of interval between sleep and dream, entering in and out of house, car, train, etc and in transcendental meditative state.

     Now, everything is vibration. It is the vibrant energy, a drama of chemical bonds and this include my Grandpa and Grandma who appeared and disappeared in a brief span of a few decades in the time scale of billion years of solar system and earth’s existence! Who am I, then? 

    Thus, what we call the sentient objects that come within the ambit of time, space and causality are not real. This creation, sustenance, and dissolution are nothing but a fleeting event, an idea, ideation, image, imagination or dream created by a vibrant mind as energy particles! 

The Primordial Matter (Sub-atomic Particles): The distinction between bosons and fermions is basic. There are two possible kinds of things since these are invisible forces in creation of Matter in the universe. The two types are known as "bosons" and "fermions," and the dialectic between them describes all physical form. The whole scheme of quantum field theory, for example, is that fermions interact by exchanging bosons. 

   "The electrons belong to the class of elementary particles called leptons. The leptons and quarks together constitute the class called fermions, the anti-matter of which is majorana bosons, the wonder particles or ‘God-particle’! 

    According to the Standard Model all mass consists of fermions. Whether the fermions combine to form a table, a star, a human body, a flower or do not combine at all depend on the elementary forces - the electromagnetic, the gravitational, the weak and the strong forces. According to the Standard Model all force is mediated by exchange of (gauge) bosons. The electromagnetic force is mediated by exchange of photons, the strong force by exchange of gluons while the weak force is mediated by exchange of W and Z bosons." - Steen Ingermans.

    In contrast to the scientific method, the techniques adopted in yoga are numerous, most arduous, and the results are very remarkable. Each one of the visionary saints, Rishis or drushtara has come out with an unmistakable intuitive knowledge, a personal experience, a visual one, at that! In fact, all the different approaches converge at the 

‘truth’, the ‘sat’ aspect, and there remains no room for any doubt, any more. All the visionaries are of the same opinion as regards the true nature of existence. These are explicitly stated in innumerable scriptures, such as, the Veda, the Upanishads, the brahmasutras, the Bhagavad-Gita, yoga-shastras, mantra, yantra, and tantra shastras, Agama samhitas, Srividya, etc. This reality of existence is further elucidated later in the concluding part of this small edition. These are in no way different from what is so far discovered in the experiments of pure science; only methodology is different! The scientists, particularly those dealing with molecular biology, quantum mechanics, particle physics, atomic energy and astronomy have placed their observations before us. For instance, Donald Hoffman, a scientist at the University of California, claims that people are being tricked into believing their own reality, and what they see around them is nothing more than a facade that enables humans to get through their daily lives without having to deal with the “hidden matrix” that lurks behind everything. Hoffman says that when you see something that you think is solid, such as a red tomato, you cannot be sure that when you close your eyes that it still exists. He says what you are actually seeing is entirely constructed inside your mind. The tomato doesn’t actually exist.

    Galileo once wrote: ‘I think that tastes, odours, colours, and so on reside in consciousness.” No consciousness, no life, as such! prajnyanan brahmaa | “Everything is Consciousness” says Vedanta. Consciousness is all. Nothing evades Consciousness. But what is Consciousness? It is yet an unresolved problem for the western world, particularly to the scientists. But, it is not so to the Indian saints. They have the ability to cognize both the creator and the creation and can get a total perspective of ‘oneness’! It is the samyak prajnya, the highest level of pure state of Conscious existence. 

     The world that humans see around them is nothing more than a very convincing illusion, according to one of the world’s leading cognitive scientists. In quantum mechanics and particle physics, spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, composite particles (hadrons), and atomic nuclei. Spin is one of two types of angular momentum in quantum mechanics, the other being orbital angular momentum.